
The experiences of those who had faced greatdangers and lived to tell the tale were ritualizedby others who listened carefully to suchaccounts and took note of what the survivorshad worn, thought, said, or did to escapedeath. As the sharing of the survivors’ storiesspread, highly individualized personal ritualsgrew out of the methods by which these heroeshad been able to ward off evil or the deadlyattack of predators or human enemies. Thesepersonal rituals became the beginning of whatis called superstition and evolved over timeinto systems of magic and religious practices.
1. Cats:- Perhaps no animal has inspired as much superstition as the cat. Throughout history, cats have been worshipped as gods by certain cultures and abhorred as demons by others. In European folklore, the black cat is the traditional companionof witches. Because of this old belief,the black cat has become an omen of misfortune and ill luck, and a popular notion is that unhappiness will follow quickly in the wake of the black cat that crosses one’s path.
An old book called Beware the Cat (1584) gives warning that black cats are witchesin disguise, and that killing a cat does not necessarily mean killing the witch, for a witch can take on the body of a cat nine times. In the Middle Ages, the brain of ablack cat was considered an essential ingredient in all recipes of the witches and witch doctors.
THROUGHOUT history, cats have been worshipped as gods by certain cultures.
The old belief that a cat has nine lives goes back to ancient Egypt. The cat-headed goddess,Bast (or Ubasti), was associated with the benevolent aspect of Hathor, the Lioness, andwas said to have nine lives. The Egyptians did not fear the cat, but rather reverenced it, andthey elevated cats far above the role of domestic pet.
2. Days of the Week:-The belief in lucky and unlucky days is very old and appears to have been originally taughtby the magicians of ancient Chaldea.
The ancient Greeks believed that the 13th day was unlucky for sowing, but favorable for planting.
Even today in South Africa, many people consider it unlucky to begin a journey or undertake a work of importance during the last quarter of the moon.
“Blue Monday” is an old phrase still in general usage. In early days those whose businesscircumstances forced them to work on Sunday, the official day of rest, were consideredentitled to a holiday on Monday. On Monday, therefore, while others were back atwork, the people who worked on Sunday had a day of rest. Because the churches throughoutEurope were decorated with blue on the first Monday before Lent—which was a holiday or“lazy day” for everyone—the day of rest throughout the rest of the year for the Sundayworkers came to be known as “Blue Monday.”
Although the term is still used, now when people speak of a “Blue Monday,” they mostoften wish to convey that they feel lazy, tired, or would rather be on holiday than at work.
The origin of the superstition concerning Friday is traced by most authorities to the crucifixionof Jesus Christ (c. 6 B.C.E.–c. 30 C.E.) on that day. But some writers advance the theorythat Friday is regarded as an unlucky day because, according to ancient tradition, it wason Friday that Adam and Eve partook of the forbidden fruit and were cast out of paradise.
3. Dogs :- Dogs, “man’s best friend,” do not have any of the kind of sinister superstitions that surround the cat, their domesticated companion andcompetitor in hundreds of thousands of households around the world.
Not only have dogs been humankind’s most consistent and considerate animal friend, but certain scientific research now suggests that the human species might not be here today if it hadn’t been for an ancient linkup with the canine family.
Among the superstitions associated with the dog is the ancient belief that the howling of dogs portends death and calamities. This appears to be a relic of the time when humans made deities of animals, and as a deity, the dog was supposed to be able to foresee death and give warning of it by howling or barking.
The connection with the sun may derive from the dog’s habit of walking around in a small circle before it lies down. To early people, the making of such a circle was to create a symbol of the sun.
In ancient Persia, dogs were believed to be able to protect the dying soul from possession by evil spirits. When a person was dying, a dog was stationed by the bedside to keep away the negative spirits that hovered near newlyreleased souls.
There is an old superstition that good luck will be granted to a person who is followed by a stray dog. If the dog should follow someone on a rainy night, however, such action brings bad luck.